I hangaia e Finland15.8 miriona kirokaramuo te taraute āniwaniwa i te tau 2024, e whakaatu ana i te95%o te katoa o ngā hua ika kai o te motu. Ahakoa tēnei tauine, ko ngā rerekētanga o te kounga kai—ina koa ko te ngoikore o te pumau o te wai me te wehewehenga o ngā pirepire—kei te mau tonu ngā wero i roto i te mahi pāmu kōpū o te Moana Baltic, i reira ka tere ake te tango matūkai mai i ngā pirepire iti iho i te paerewa e ngā ia wai. E whai ana tēnei rangahau take i tētahi kaihanga taraute rahi-waenga i te moutere o Åland i whakakapi i tētahi mira pirepire tekau tau te pakeke ki te pūnaha mowhiti mate raupapa SZLH a Hongyang. I roto i te huringa whakaputa kotahi, i piki ake te taupū roa o te pirepire (PDI) mai i91.2% ki te 97.8%, te pumau o te wai i toro atu mai i28 ki te 45 meneti, ā, i pūrongohia e te pāmu tētahi whakapainga ka taea te ine i te ōwehenga tahuritanga whāngai. E whakaatu ana ngā hua ka taea e te hangarau mowhiti mate i hangaia kia tino tika te aro ki ngā whakaritenga kounga whāngai tino uaua o te mahi ahuwhenua wai matao.
Papamuri: Te Whakatipu Ika Taraute o Pinirana me te Hiranga o te Kounga Whāngai
He rerekē ngā herenga o te mahi ahuwhenua ika o Pinirana. Neke atu i te200 ngā umanga ahuwhenua ikate whakahaere365 ngā whareputa noa i ngā wāhi moana me ngā wāhi wai māori, ka pāngia te umanga e ngā pāmahana wai makariri puta noa i te tau e whakaroa ana i te pākia o te ika me te whakaroa i ngā huringa whakaputa.Oncorhynchus mykiss) te nuinga o te whakaputanga ika, ā, ko ngā Moutere Åland anake e tata ana ki te haurua o te whakaputanga ika moana o Pinirana, e ai ki ngā tatauranga a te Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) 2024.
Ko NordAqua Oy (ingoa kamupene kua hunaia i runga i te tono a te kiritaki), he kaihanga rahi-waenga me ngā wāhi pupuri ika e ono i te moutere o Åland, e whakaputa ana i te tata ki800,000 kirokaramuo te taraute āniwaniwa ia tau. Kei te whakahaere te kamupene i tana ake mira whāngai hei pupuri i te mana whakahaere i te kimi kai me te hanga matūkai—he whakatau rautaki i tautokona e ētahi kaihanga nui o Pinirana e whai ana ki te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā whāngai kawemai mai i Alltech Fennoaqua, te kaihanga whāngai wai ā-rohe anake o Pinirana i tēnei wā.
"Neke atu i te 50% o ā mātou utu whakahaere ko te whāngai kararehe. Ina heke te kounga o ngā pire, e rua ngā mea ka puta i te wā kotahi: ko ngā kai paru ika, ā, ko ngā pire kāore i kainga ka totohu, ka whakaiti i te kounga o te wai i raro i ngā kēhi."
— Mr Mikael Lindström, Kaiwhakahaere Whakaputa, NordAqua Oy
Nā te wai mātao me ngā ia ngawari o te Moana Baltic, me roa ake te mau o ngā pirepire whāngai e totohu ana i ērā atu pirepire e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mahi ahuwhenua i roto i ngā roto wai mārire.
Te Wero: Ngā Raru Kounga Whāngai e Toru e Honohono Ana
I te tīmatanga o te tau 2025, e toru ngā raruraru ka taea te ine i puta mai i te mira pellet tawhito a NordAqua—he pūnaha mate-papatahi i tāutahia i te tau 2014—ka piki haere te maha o ngā raruraru:
Ngā Whiu Pellet Nui Rawa
Kāore i te ōrite te pakaru o te mata papatahi, ā, ka puta he pirepire kāore i te ōrite te whānui me ngā kapiti o te mata. I whakaatuhia e te tātari tātari8–12% te nui o ngā whiu(ngā matūriki kei raro iho i te 1.5 mm)—kei runga ake i tePaearu ahumahi 3%I roto i ngā meneti torutoru ka memeha haere ēnei mea kino ina pā ki te wai, ā, ka hua ake te para kai me te whakangaromanga o ngā kararehe i raro i ngā whare manu.
Te Hekenga o te Pūmautanga o te Wai
I tīmata ngā pirepire ki te memeha i26–30 menetii roto i te whakamātautau wai pūmau, ki te whakataurite kiWhāinga 40-menetie hiahiatia ana mō ngā āhuatanga o te Moana Baltic. He puhoi ake te whanonga kai a ngā ika i roto i te wai matao (te toharite 6–8°C i te takurua), arā, me noho pūmau ngā pirepire kia roa ai te wā e taea ai e ngā ika te kai i a rātou i te hohonutanga.
Te Pikinga o ngā Utu Pūngao
Hei utu mō te kino haere o te āhua o te mate, i whakapiki ake ngā kaiwhakahaere i te pāmahana whakangawari me te roa ake o te wā pupuri, ā, ka piki ake te whakamahinga mamaoa mā te whakatau tata.18%I whakawhāitihia hoki e te whirihoranga papatahi-mate te kaha whakaputa ki1.2–1.5 tāra/h, e hanga ana i ngā arai whakaputa i te wā whakatipu nui o Āperira–Hepetema.
Otinga Hongyang: Mira Pellet Mowhiti Mate SZLH me te Whirihoranga Aquafeed Ritenga
Whai muri i te aromatawai i ngā kaiwhakarato mai i Haina me Ūropi, i whiriwhiria e NordAqua te mira pereti mowhiti mate Hongyang SZLH i runga i ngā paearu e toru: ngā raraunga roa o te pereti aquafeed kua whakaaturia, te wātea o ngā whirihoranga mate ritenga mō te whāngai totohu, me te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere tae atu ki ngā matapae roa o te ora o te mate.
I tohua e te tīma hangarau a Hongyang te whirihoranga e whai ake nei mō ngā whakaritenga a NordAqua:
E rua ngā painga matua o te hoahoa porowhita poutū o te SZLH i ngā pūnaha porowhita papatahi mō te whakaputa whāngai wai. Tuatahi, ko tetikanga pēhitanga takai-ruaka tohatoha ōrite te pēhanga puta noa i te mata o te mate, ka whakaiti i te kakahu ā-rohe, ka whakaputa i ngā pirepire me te matotoru ōrite. Tuarua, ko teāputa roera-mate ka taea te whakaritemā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakatikatika i te kaha o te pēhanga mō ngā momo whāngai rerekē me te kore e whakarerekē i te mate tonu.
I oti te tāutanga me te whakatūnga i roto i tematapihi whā-rā i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2025, i te wā tiaki i te mira whāngai kua whakaritea. Nā te tautoko hangarau mamao a Hongyang i āwhina te tīma tiaki a NordAqua ki te whakatikatika i te hanganga o ngā mate me te arotau i ngā tawhā whakaputa tuatahi.
Ngā Hua: Ngā Whakapainga Ine i roto i ngā Inenga Kounga Katoa
I whakahaerehia e NordAqua tētahi whakatairite whakahaere mā te whakaputa i ngā hanganga whāngai ōrite mā te pūnaha mate-papatahi tawhito me te pūnaha mate mowhiti SZLH hou. Ngā hua i muri mai90 ngā rā o te whakaputanga:
Te Pakari o te Pellet me te Pūmautanga o te Wai
Ko te whakapainga tino nui ko te pumau o te wai—he inenga nui mō te mahi pāmu i roto i ngā whare herehere wai matao. Ko ngā pirepire i hangaia e te pūnaha HYPM i pupuri i te hanganga pumau mō te wā roa.45 menetii roto i te whakamātautau wai pūmau i te 8°C, neke atu i te paearu ā-roto a NordAqua o te 40 meneti. I ahu mai tēnei i te whakaiti i te para whāngai i kitea i te wā e whāngai ana: i pūrongo ngā kai ruku o te pāmu i te iti haere o ngā pirepire kāore i kainga e kohia ana i raro i ngā kēhi.
Ōwehenga Tahuri Whāngai
Ahakoa he maha ngā taurangi e pā ana ki te FCR, i whai a NordAqua i tētahi rōpū o50,000 ikawhāngaihia anake ki ngā pirepire i hangaia e SZLH mō te wā whakatipu 120-rā mai i te 200g ki te 850g te taumaha toharite. Ko te FCR i kitea o1.08he whakapainga ake tēnei mai i te rōpū o mua1.14mā te whakamahi i te whāngai mate-papatahi, ka penapena i te whakatau tata18 tana o te whāngai mō ia huringa.
I te utu whāngai tata ki te€1,200 ia tana, ko te tikanga o tēnei he tata ki te€21,600 ngā penapena tikamō ia huringa whakaputa mō ia rōpū whare herehere.
Te Whai Hua o te Whakaputa
Nā te pikinga 47% o te whakaputanga i whakakorea te aukati raumati, ā, i taea ai e NordAqua te whakaputa i ngā whāngai katoa e hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā hāora mahi noa, kaua ki te whakahaere i ngā huringa roa. Nā te hekenga 19% o te whakapaunga pūngao motuhake i whai wāhi tata ki€4,800 te penapena hiko ā-taui runga i ngā utu hiko ahumahi o Pinirana.
Ngā Tirohanga Whakahaere
E toru ngā painga mahi a Mr. Lindström i te wā whakawhiti:
"He tino māmā ake te whakawhiti i te mate i tā mātou i whakaaro ai. Mō te mate papatahi tawhito, ko te whakarerekētanga o te ōwehenga kōpeketanga te tikanga o te whakawhiti i te huihuinga mate katoa, he hawhe rā te roa. Mā te mate mowhiti, ka taea e mātou te whakatika i te āputa roera me te kore e wetewete—mā tēnei ka penapena i te wā nui i te wā e whakawhiti ana i te hanganga i waenga i ngā whāngai tīmatanga me ngā whāngai whakatipu."
— Mr Mikael Lindström, Kaiwhakahaere Whakaputa, NordAqua Oy
Nā te tohatoha ōrite o te rahi o ngā pire i whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā waka whāngai aunoa a NordAqua, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā pupuhi hau kua whakatikatikaina mō te diameter pire ōrite. He iti ake ngā aituā aukati i pūrongohia i muri i te pana.
Whakamutunga
E whakaatu ana ngā wheako o NordAqua i tētahi mātāpono e toro atu ana ki tua atu i te rāngai ahumoana o Pinirana:Ehara te kounga o te pire whāngai i te inenga whakaputa anake engari he mea e whakatau tika ana i te hua o te pāmu me te mahinga taiao.I arohia e te mira pereti mate mowhiti Hongyang SZLH ngā raruraru e toru e hono tahi ana—ngā whiu, te pumau o te wai, me te utu pūngao—mā te hangarau mate tino tika kaua ki ngā huarahi tukatuka.
Mō ngā kaihanga ika wai matao e mahi ana i roto i ngā taiao moana e kitea ana, ko te haumi ki te hangarau mowhiti mate kua whirihorahia kia rite ki tētahi kaupapa ka puta he hua mā roto i ngā hongere maha: te whakaiti i te para kai, te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao, me ngā whakapainga FCR ka taea te ine. I te haere tonu o te umanga ika o te ao ki te whakatipu whare herehere kaha i roto i ngā taiao wero, ka nui haere te hiranga o te kounga o te pirepire hei rerekētanga whakataetae.
Ngā pūtake raraunga:Ngā tatauranga a te Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Aquaculture 2024; Ngā tuhinga whakaputa a NordAqua Oy (ingoakore); Ngā whakaritenga hangarau me ngā pūrongo whakatūnga a Hongyang Feed Machinery.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-16-2026
