Whakarāpopototanga Whakahaere Ko Nōwei te kaihanga nui rawa atu o te ao mō te hāmana Ataratiki ahuwhenua, e hauhake ana i te 1.553 miriona tāne i te tau 2024, ā, e tata ana ki te 1.8 ki te 2.0 miriona tāne o te whāngai kua hangaia kia pau i ia tau. Ko te kounga ā-tinana o ngā pirepire whāngai hāmana — inā koa te pumau o te wai, te roa, me ngā āhuatanga totohu — e whakatau tika ana i ngā ōwehenga huringa whāngai taumata pāmu (FCR) me te tapuwae taiao o ngā mahi ahuwhenua ika. Ko te ngoikore o te pono o ngā pirepire ka hua ake te tango matūkai, te taunga o te whāngai kāore i kainga ki te papa moana, me te pikinga o ngā utu whakaputa e whakakore ana i ngā tawhē angiangi i roto i te rāngai hāmana Nōwei e tino whakataetae ana. Ka tirohia e tēnei rangahau take te wheako o Fjordfôr AS, he kaihanga whāngai motuhake rahi-waenga kei te rohe o Trøndelag o waenganui o Nōwei. Kei te whakahaerehia e te kamupene tētahi raina whakaputa kotahi e mahi ana ki ngā kiritaki ahuwhenua hāmana e whitu i te takutai moana o Helgeland, me te putanga ā-tau tata ki te 35,000 tāne mita. I waenganui o te tau 2025, i whakakapia e Fjordfôr tana mira pellet tawhito ki tētahi mira pellet mowhiti mate raupapa SZLH ritenga mai i Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. (Hongyang). Whai muri i ngā marama e whā o te hanga tonu, i tukuna e te raina Hongyang ngā whakapainga ka taea te ine puta noa i ngā inenga kounga pellet matua katoa: I eke te Pellet Durability Index (PDI) ki te 96.2%, i piki ake te pumau o te wai i muri i te 30 meneti te rumaki ki roto i te wai moana 10°C ki te 91%, i heke te whakamahinga pūngao motuhake mā te 14% ki te 12.6 kWh ia tone mita, ā, i heke te ihirangi pai i te putea mai i te 3.8% ki te 1.4%. Ka whakahaerehia te raina me te putanga pumau o te 8.5 tone ia haora, e rite ana ki te whāinga whakaputa i whakatakotoria i te wā o te whakatūnga. 1. Te Ahumahi Whāngai Hāmana o Nōwei: Te Tauine me ngā Hiahia Hangarau Kua tuhia pai te mana o Nōwei i roto i te whakatipu hāmana o Ātaratiki. I te tau 2024, e 994 ngā wāhi whakaputa wai moana i whakahaerehia e te whenua, ā, e 2,905 ngā raihana ahuwhenua ika, ā, 1,651 o ēnei i whakatapua ki te hāmana me te taraute. Ko te katoa o ngā mahi hanga hāmana i ahu mai i te ahuwhenua i eke ki te 1.553 miriona tāne, he whika kua tipu tonu i roto i te tekau tau kua hipa, ā, e tautoko ana i te umanga kaweake neke atu i te 150 piriona NOK (Eurofish, 2025). Ko tēnei rahinga whakaputa e hiahia ana ki tētahi mekameka tuku kai nui. Ko te mākete kai hāmana o Nōwei e mahi ana i te nuinga o ngā kaihanga nui e whā - Skretting (Nutreco), Mowi Feed, Cargill (EWOS), me BioMar - ko tā rātou putanga katoa neke atu i te 1.5 miriona tāne ia tau. Ko Mowi Feed anake i whakaputa i te 584,586 tāne o te kai i te tau 2024, ka whakaputa i te EBITDA whakahaere o te €62.2 miriona, ā, i panuitia he whakawhānui 60,000 tāne i tana tipu Bjugn kua whakaritea kia oti i te Hauwhā Tuarua o te tau 2026 (Pūrongo Mowi Hauwhā 4 2024). I te tau 2024, i kōrero a Skretting Norway kua heke te tapuwae waro o te whāngai ki te 1.41 kg CO2 ōrite mō ia kirokaramu o te whāngai, he hekenga 46% mai i te turanga o te tau 2020, nā te whakakapinga rauemi mata me te whakapainga i te whai huatanga o te pūngao i ahu mai (Skretting Norway Impact Report, 2024). Ko ngā mira whāngai motuhake pērā i a Fjordfôr e noho ana i tētahi wāhanga motuhake engari he mea nui ki te rautaki o te mākete. Ko ēnei mira e mahi ana ki ngā rōpū ahuwhenua ā-rohe, e tuku ana i te ngāwari o te hanganga e kore e taea e ngā kaiwhakataetae nui te whakataurite ki ngā kiritaki iti, ā, he mahi nui tā rātou ki te pupuri i te pakari o te mekameka tuku i te takutai moana 2,500-kiromita o Norway. Heoi, he rite tonu ngā tono hangarau ki a rātou me ngā kamupene nui - ā, i ētahi wā he nui ake ngā wero, i te mea he iti ake ā rātou raina whakaputa me te kore e taea te utu i te wā whakatā roa. Ko te hanganga whāngai hāmana tētahi o ngā wāhanga tino tono hangarau o te umanga whāngai wai o te ao. Ko ngā kai whakatipu noa mō te hāmana Ataratiki i roto i te wai moana he 28–38% ngako, 36–42% pūmua mata, me te iti iho i te 10% tangohanga kore-hauota (NFE). Ka tutuki te nui o te ngako mā te whakakotahitanga o te tāpiri ngako i roto i te extruder (e 12% te nuinga nā te waku i roto i te extrusion tīwiri kotahi) me te paninga korehau i muri i te extrusion e kawe ana i te ngako katoa ki ngā whāinga hanganga. Me totohu tere ngā pire ki te hohonutanga e hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā whare kupenga, me noho tonu i roto i ngā matapihi whāngai i raro i te wai mō te 20–40 meneti, ā, me ātete ki te pirau miihini i te wā e kawe ana, e penapena ana, me te kawe (ScienceDirect, 2025; Nofima, 2015). Ko ngā tawhā kounga o te pire e whakaarohia ana e ngā kaimahi hāmana Nōwei kāore e taea te whiriwhiri ko: te pumau o te wai i te iti rawa 88–90% i muri i te 30 meneti o te ruku; Te Taupū Pakari o te Pellet (PDI) i runga ake i te 95%; te tere totohu e rite ana ki ngā whakaritenga o te pūnaha whāngai; me te ihirangi pai i raro i te 2% i te wā e tukuna ana. Kua whakaatuhia e te rangahau i whakaputaina e Nofima he hononga pai te roa o te pire me te pumau o te wai ki te kai i roto i te hāmana Ātaratiki, ko te whakaputanga nui o ngā pai ka arahi ki te mate ōhanga tika me te pānga taiao ā-rohe. 2. Te Wero i Fjordfôr: Ngā Taputapu Kua Tawhito, Te Hekenga o te Kounga I te tīmatanga o te tau 2025, kua tuhia e te tīma whakaputa a Fjordfôr te hekenga haere o te kounga o ngā pire mai i tana mira pire mate mowhiti o nāianei, kua neke atu i te 36,000 hāora mahi mai i te whakaurunga i te tau 2011. E toru ngā huarahi i kitea ai te hekenga: Tuatahi, kua heke te pumau o te wai i muri i te 30 meneti mai i te toharite hītori o te 88% ki te 84%, ka heke iho i raro i te whakaritenga iti rawa i tohua i roto i ngā whakaaetanga tango a te kamupene me ngā kiritaki ahuwhenua. Tuarua, kua heke te PDI mai i te 94% ki te 91% pea, ka puta he whiu i kohia i te wā e kawe ana, ā, ka puta he raruraru whakahaere e pā ana ki te puehu i ngā wāhi tuku pāmu. Tuatoru, kua piki ake te whakapaunga pūngao motuhake ki te 14.6 kWh ia tana, tata ki te 16% i runga ake i te paearu mō ngā mira pire mate mowhiti hou i roto i te akomanga 132–160 kW. I kitea e te tātaritanga take pūtake ko te kakahu o te mowhiti mate te take matua. I muri i ngā hāora 36,000, i whakaatuhia e ngā kōhao mate te whakanui i te diameter me te hekenga o te mata, ka hua ake he pēhanga kore taurite puta noa i te mata o te mate. I whakaatuhia hoki e te whakangawari kotahi-poro o mua ngā rerekētanga pāmahana o ±5°C i te wā o te whakaputanga, e whai wāhi ana ki te whakakorikori māngaro koretake me te ngoikore o te here pellet. I arotakehia e te whakahaere a Fjordfôr ngā kōwhiringa e toru: te whakahou i te raina o mua me te mowhiti whakakapinga me te whakangawari kua whakapai ake; te hoko i tētahi mira pellet hou mai i tētahi o ngā kaihanga Pākehā kua whakapumautia; te arotake rānei i ngā kōwhiringa utu whakataetae mai i ngā kaiwhakarato Āhia me te wheako whāngai hāmana kua whakaatuhia. Ko te whakatau ki te whakauru atu ki a Hongyang i arahina e tētahi tirotiro tohutoro taipitopito me tētahi kaihanga whāngai hāmana Chilean i tono i tētahi raina Hongyang SZLH i te tau 2024, ā, i pūrongohia he whakapainga pumau wai mai i te 84% ki te 92% me te 12% penapena pūngao (Hongyang Chile Salmon Feed Case Study, 2025). 3. Te Otinga Hangarau a Hongyang: Hangaia-Ritenga mō te Whāngai Hāmana I whakahaerehia e te tīma hangarau a Hongyang tētahi aromatawai e whā ngā rā i te wāhi mahi a Fjordfôr e tata ana ki Namsos, e tātari ana i te rere o ngā tukanga o nāianei, e arotake ana i ngā marama e ono o ngā rātaka whakaputa, me te whakamātautau i ngā tauira penupenu mai i te whakatakotoranga paerewa a te kamupene mō te kaiwhakatipu hāmana. Ko te whakaaro i puta mai i tēnei mira i arotahi ki tētahi mira pereti mowhiti mate SZLH508 i whirihorahia mō te whakaputa whāngai hāmana he nui te ngako, he totohu. Kei raro nei ngā whakatakotoranga hangarau matua me ngā take hoahoa. Ōwehenga Pēhitanga Mowhiti Mate. Ko ngā whakatakotoranga whāngai hāmana me te 32–36% pūmua me te 12–15% te ihirangi ngako i mua i te whakaputanga me nui ake ngā ōwehenga pēhitanga i te whāngai kararehe paerewa kia tutuki ai te kiato pereti me te pumau o te wai. I whakaritea e Hongyang he ōwehenga kōpeketanga 1:11 mō te mate mowhiti, i tatauhia i runga i te hanganga whakatakotoranga motuhake a Fjordfôr — tata ki te 28% paraoa ika, 16% pūmua pīni soya kukū, 14% kuruteni witi, 10% hinu ika (i mua i te whakaputanga), me te 8% māngaro pī hei here, me te toenga kei roto ko ngā ranunga huaora me ngā kohuke. Mā tēnei ōwehenga kōpeketanga ka whakarite i te pēhanga miihini e ranea ana mō te whakakorikori māngaro me te kore e whakakī rawa i te pire, ka whakaiti i te tere totohu me te whakararu i te whanonga whāngai. Te Whakatakotoranga Rerekētanga Poro-Rua. I whakauruhia te raina SZLH508 ki te whakakorikori poro-rua e tuku ana i te whakahaere tere motuhake i runga i ia poro, e taea ai te whakarite tika i te wā pupuri (te tikanga 60–120 hēkona mō te whāngai wai) me te kaha o te whakaranu. I tukuna e tēnei hoahoa te urunga makuku me te tohatoha pāmahana puta noa i te rōrahi mash katoa i mua i te whakaurunga o te mate. I roto i ngā whakamātautau whakaputa, i puritia te pumau pāmahana whakakorikori i roto i te ±2°C i te pūwāhi kua whakaritea o te 88°C, ki te whakaritea ki te ±5°C i runga i ngā taputapu tawhito. He mea nui te whakatikatika ōrite mō te kai hāmana nā te mea ka ngoikore tika te here o te pirepire ki te māngaro kāore i oti, ka whakaiti i te pumau o te wai, ka whakapiki ake i te whakaputanga o ngā paitini. Te Whakarewatanga o te Mowhiti Mate me te Whakaotinga Mata. I tukuna e Hongyang he mowhiti maitai koranu whakapakeke-korehau (HRC 58–60) me te taratara o te mata o te kōhao mate kua orohia ki te Ra ≤ 0.8 μm. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei whakatakotoranga whakarewa he ātete kakahu pai ake ki ngā āhuatanga whakakoi o ngā hanganga paraoa ika pungarehu-teitei. Ka whakaitihia e te mata kōhao kua orohia te waku i te wā o te tango pirepire, ka whai wāhi tika ki ngā hua pai o te pūngao i kitea i te wā whakaputa. Ko te roa o te ratonga mowhiti mate e matapaetia ana i runga i te whakamātautau tohu whakakoi a Fjordfôr he tata ki te 11,000–12,000 tana ia mate, he whakapainga 40–50% i runga ake i te wā whakakapinga mate hītori a te kiritaki. Te Pūnaha Taraiwa me te Whai Hua o te Pūngao. Ko te whirihoranga SZLH508 i Fjordfôr e whakamahi ana i te motuka matua 160 kW me te tuku taputapu-taraiwa. Ka nui ake te pai o te tuku taipana o te puku taputapu (tata ki te 96–97%) ki te whakataurite ki ngā momo whitiki-whakahaere, ka whakawhiti tika ake te mana whakauru ki te mahi pelleting me te whakaiti i ngā ngaronga pūngao. I te taha o te whakaiti i te waku mai i ngā kōhao mate kua orohia, i whai wāhi tēnei hoahoa puku ki te whakahekenga 14% o te whakapaunga pūngao motuhake. I oti te tāutanga i te wā o te kati tiaki 10-rā kua whakaritea i te marama o Ākuhata 2025. I noho te tīma tono a Hongyang ki te papaanga mō ētahi atu rā e rima ki te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau whakaputa puta noa i ngā hanganga whāngai hāmana e toru a Fjordfôr (te tīmatanga, te kaiwhakatipu, me te whakaoti), te arotau i ngā tawhā whakangawari mō ia tunu, me te whakangungu i ngā kaiwhakahaere nekehanga a te kamupene ki ngā tikanga whakawhiti mate me te whakaritenga tiaki ārai. 4. Ngā Hua Whakaputa me ngā Inenga Kounga Pellet I muri i ngā marama e whā o te mahi tonu, i tuhia e Fjordfôr ngā inenga mahi e whai ake nei, me te whakataurite i te raina Hongyang SZLH508 hou ki ngā taputapu o mua: I piki ake te whakaputanga mai i te 6.8 ki te 8.5 tāne ia hāora, he whakapainga 25%. I piki ake te Taupū Pakari o te Pellet (PDI) mai i te 91.2% ki te 96.2%, he pikinga ake o te 5.0 ōrau. I pai ake te pumau o te wai i muri i te 30 meneti te rumaki ki roto i te wai moana 10 nekehanga Celsius mai i te 84% ki te 91%, he pikinga ake o te 7 ōrau. I heke te ihirangi paitini i muri i te whakamatao mai i te 3.8% ki te 1.4%, he hekenga iho o te 63%. I heke te whakapaunga pūngao motuhake mai i te 14.6 ki te 12.6 kWh ia tana, he penapena 14%. I pai ake te pumau o te pāmahana o te whakamahana mai i te neke atu i te 5 nekehanga Celsius ki te neke atu i te 2 nekehanga Celsius, he hekenga iho o te rerekētanga o te 60%. Ko te roa o te ora o te mowhiti mate e matapaetia ana ka roa ake mai i te tata ki te 8,000 tana ki te tata ki te 12,000 tana, he pikinga ake o te 50%. Ko te whakapainga ake o te pumau o te wai o te 7 ōrau te hua nui rawa atu i te taha arumoni. I roto i te mahi pāmu hāmana, ko te kai e memeha ana i mua i te horomia he mate moni tika. E ai ki a Fjordfôr, mā te whakapai ake i te pumau o te wai anake ka ārai i te 450 tāne o te para kai i ia tau puta noa i ana pāmu kaihoko — he kai e kore e taea te tuku i ngā matūkai ki te taiao moana me te kore e whai wāhi ki te tipu ika. I te toharite o ngā utu kai hāmana o Nōwei he NOK 12,500 ia tāne (tata ki te USD 1,180), e tohu ana tēnei i te NOK 5.6 miriona i roto i te utu kai i karohia i ia tau. Ko te whakahekenga o te ihirangi whiu mai i te 3.8% ki te 1.4% he mea nui hoki ki te whakahaere. Ko ngā whiu i puta i te wā e kawe ana me te whakahaere ka hanga he puehu ka taea te manawa i roto i ngā wāhi rokiroki kai, ka puta he mōrearea hauora mahi me ngā mōrearea pahūtanga. He maha ngā kaihoko ahuwhenua a Fjordfôr i mua i te pūrongo i te kohikohinga puehu i roto i ngā pūnaha whāngai aunoa, ka arahi ki te aukati me te tohatoha kai koretake puta noa i ngā whare kupenga. Nā te iti o te putanga whiu o te raina Hongyang kua tino whakaitihia ēnei amuamu. Ko ngā ōwehenga huringa whāngai i pūrongohia e te tokorua o ngā kaihoko ahuwhenua nui rawa atu o Fjordfôr — e rua e mahi ana i te moutere o Vikna — i pai ake mai i te toharite o te 1.28:1 ki te 1.21:1 i roto i te wā aroturuki. Ahakoa he maha ngā āhuatanga e pāngia ana e te FCR tae atu ki te pāmahana wai, te hauora o ngā ika, me te whakahaere whāngai, i kī ngā kaimahi pāmu tata ki te haurua o tēnei whakapainga nā te kounga pai o te pirepire tinana i tukuna e te raina Hongyang. 5. Te Ahu Ratonga: He aha i whiriwhiri ai a Fjordfôr i a Hongyang I tua atu i ngā whakatakotoranga taputapu me ngā inenga whakaputa, i kī te kaiwhakahaere whakaputa a Fjordfôr ko te whakapau kaha a Hongyang ki te ratonga i mua i te hoko me te ratonga i muri i te tāutanga he mea whakatau i roto i te whakatau hoko. Nā te arotakenga tukanga i mua i te tāutanga i hoatu ki a Fjordfôr he tauira taipitopito o te mahi raina o nāianei, tae atu ki ngā inenga PDI, te mahere whakapaunga pūngao, me te pūrongo tātaritanga kakahu mowhiti. Nā tēnei tuhinga i taea ai e te whakahaere te matapae i te hokinga mai o te haumi me te tino maia — he whakaaro nui mō tētahi mira motuhake e mahi ana me ngā rahui whakapaipai iti. I te wā o te whakatūnga, i mahi tahi ngā miihini o Hongyang me ngā kaiwhakahaere o Fjordfôr puta noa i ngā huringa mahi katoa e toru, e kapi ana i ngā tikanga whakawhiti mate, te arotau i ngā tawhā whakangawari mō ia hanganga whāngai, me te whakaritenga tiaki ārai. I whakaurua ki te kaupapa whakangungu he tuhinga taipitopito o ngā tawhā whakahaere tino pai mō ia o ngā tohutao whāngai hāmana e toru a Fjordfôr, me ngā tohu kua whakaritea mō te pēhanga mamaoa, te wā pupuri whakangawari, te pāmahana mate, me te rere o te hau whakamatao pellet. I whakauruhia hoki e Hongyang te aroturuki pūoko ki te raina SZLH508, e āhei ai te tautoko tātaritanga mamao. Ahakoa te wāhi tawhiti o Fjordfôr i Trøndelag e uaua ana te haere ki ngā ratonga i te papaanga, mā te āheinga aroturuki mamao ka taea e te tīma hangarau o Hongyang i Haina te arotake i ngā tawhā whakahaere me te whakatūpato i te kiritaki ki ngā take pea i mua i te pikinga ki te wā kore mahi i whakaritea. 6. Whakamutunga: Ngā Mira Whāngai Motuhake o Nōwei me te Take mō te Hangarau Uara-Aratakina E whakaatu ana te take Fjordfôr ka taea e ngā kaihanga whāngai motuhake i roto i ngā mākete ahumoana pakeke te whakatutuki i te kounga pellet o te ao me te kore e whakapau moni whakapaipai e pā ana ki ngā taputapu i ahu mai i Ūropi. I tukuna e te mira pellet mate mowhiti Hongyang SZLH508 ngā inenga roa o te pellet me te pumau o te wai e tutuki ana, e hipa ana rānei i ngā paerewa e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaimahi pāmu hamana ngaio o Nōwei, me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao me ngā utu whakahaere. I te whānui ake, e whakaatu ana tēnei take i tētahi ia e kitea ana puta noa i te mākete taputapu whāngai wai o te ao: ka taea e ngā kaihanga e haumi ana ki te hangarau motuhake-tono - ngā ōwehenga kōpeketanga ritenga, te whakatikatika poro-rua, te whakarewa mate whakapakeke-korehau - te whakawhāiti i te āputa mahi me ngā huarahi utu nui ki te wāhi e iti ai te mōrearea hangarau mō ngā whakataunga hoko e arohia ana e te uara. Mō Fjordfôr, kua whakapakari te haumitanga a Hongyang i tōna tūranga whakataetae i roto i te mākete whāngai Trøndelag. E ai ki te kamupene e rua atu ngā mahi ahuwhenua hamana kua whakatata atu ki a ia mō ngā kirimana tuku whāngai mai i te whakatūnga o te raina hou, me te whakahua i te whakapainga kitea i roto i te kounga pellet me ngā hua FCR e puta mai ana. I roto i te umanga ahuwhenua ika o Nōwei - ko ia pūtake o te whakapainga FCR ka whakamaoritia ki te penapena utu rauemi i te tauine - ehara i te mea he whakatakotoranga hangarau noa te kounga pellet. He rerekētanga arumoni.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-19-2026
