Whakarāpopototanga Whakahaere
Whenua / Rohe: Myanmar, Ayeyarwady Delta (rohe o Pathein)
Kaihoko: Kaihanga whāngai wai ā-rohe e mahi ana ki ngā pāmu kōura taika pango (Penaeus monodon) me ngā pāmu kōura mā o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa (Litopenaeus vannamei).
Taputapu Matua: Mira pellet mate mowhiti SZLH420 me te whakangawari paparua-papa (rua-wāhanga)
Te kaha: 2-3 T/H mō te whāngai kōura (φ1.5, 1.8, 2.0 mm ngā mate)
Whakamakuku: Paparanga tuatahi 75-80 °C / 16-17% makuku; Paparanga tuarua 85-90 °C / 17.5-18% makuku; te pupuri katoa ~90 hēkona
Kounga o te Pellet: PDI 95-96% (Holmen 30 s); pumau wai 3.5-4 hāora; paitini < 1.5%
Putanga o ia rā: 50-60 tana/rā, mahi e rua ngā nekehanga
Ratonga me te Tautoko: Te whakatūnga i te papaanga, te whai i te mahi e ono marama te roa, ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana mā te whare putunga o Mandalay
Horopaki Mākete: Te Hiahia mō te Aquafeed i te Ayeyarwady Delta
Ko te awaawa o Ayeyarwady, e tū ana i te tāone tauranga o Pathein, te ngākau o te mahi pāmu kōura taika pango (Penaeus monodon) o Myanmar. Nā ngā raraunga kāwanatanga i whakaputaina e Xinhua i te marama o Hūrae 2024 i whakaū ko te whāinga a Myanmar kia tukuna neke atu i te 40 miriona ngā kōura i te tau pūtea 2024-25, me te whakaputanga kōura ā-tau neke atu i te 100 miriona; ka tautoko te toenga i te penapena puna arumoni puta noa i te awaawa, ngā rohe o Taninthayi me Yangon. I te taha kaweake, i pūrongo te Taninthayi Region Fisheries Federation e 5,946 tāne o ngā kōura Panamei (mā o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa) i kaweake i te marama o Tīhema i te tau pūtea 2024-25, me ngā tapahi tio i tukuna ki Hapani me ngā hua kohua ki Haina, ā, kei te kaha te mahi a te whenua ki te whakawhānui ake i te whakaputanga wai māori i tua atu i te wā ua.
I te taha o tēnei whānui, kua roa te tuku kai wai ā-rohe. I roto i te kapinga ahumahi a eFeedLink i te mutunga o te tau 2009, kua kitea kētia e 26 ngā wheketere kai ika e tū ana i Yangon, Pathein, Mandalay me ētahi tāone iti, engari i muri i te tekau tau, ko te nuinga o te wāhanga kai kōura e tukuna ana e ngā pireti i utaina mai i Thailand me Vietnam. Ko te āputa e kitea nuitia ana i te tahataha o te roto: he nui te utu mō ngā kai kawemai, ka tae mai i runga i ngā wātaka koretake, ā, he maha ngā wā ka heke te PDI me te pumau o te wai ina noho te ipu ki runga i te huarahi mō ngā wiki. Mō te kaiwhakauru delta i whakaahuahia i tēnei take, ko te pikinga o te taupatupatu te take i kawea mai ai te pireti ki roto i te whare.
Te Kaihoko: He Rōpū Pāmu Kōura e Whakauru Ana ki te Whakamua
He rōpū whakatipu ika whānau te kiritaki, ā, kua neke atu i te 120 heketea te rahi o ngā roto kōura pango huri noa i te tāone o Pathein, mō ngā tau neke atu i te tekau mā rima. He kaiahuwhenua whakatipuranga tuarua te rangatira; ka hokona e ia te nuinga o āna hua ki tētahi kaihokohoko kai moana o Yangon, ā, ka kirimana atu ki ētahi atu 40 heketea o ngā kaiahuwhenua iti i raro i tētahi whakaritenga whāngai-me-te-tango. I te tīmatanga o te tau 2025, whai muri i ngā huringa e rua i ngaro ai te neke atu i te 8% o te rahinga o ngā kongakonga kōura kawemai nā te pakaru i te wā o te kawe rori mai i Yangon ki Pathein, ka whakatau te rōpū ki te whakatū i tana ake raina whāngai kōura, he rahi hei kapi i ana ake roto me te tuku kirimana ki ngā pāmu tata.
Ko te tono whakatakotoranga taketake, i tukuna ki ētahi kaiwhakarato Hainamana me Ūropi, he raina whāngai wai 2 T/H. Ko ngā tawhā kounga kāore e taea te whiriwhiri ko: te taupū roa o te pellet (PDI, Holmen 30 s) neke atu i te 95% i runga i te mate 1.8 mm; te pumau o te wai neke atu i te 3 hāora i roto i te wai moana marino i te 28 °C; me te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā whakatakotoranga kōura, ika me te pāpaka i runga i te conditioner kotahi me te kore e hanga hou i waenga i ngā tohutao. Ko te utu te tuarua.
He aha i noho ai te Whakangawari Papa-Rua hei Whakatakotoranga Whakatau
Ko te nuinga o ngā mira pellet mowhiti-mate i te akomanga 1-5 T/H ka tukuna me te whakangawari paparanga kotahi. Mō te heihei me te nuinga o ngā whāngai kararehe, he rawaka te rūma kotahi me te 30-40 hēkona o te pupuri. Kāore mō te whāngai kōura. E hono ana ngā tohutoro ahumahi ki te take ā-tinana kotahi: ka hangaia te whāngai kōura ki te 17-18% makuku me te 85-90 °C pāmahana putanga, he nui ake i te whāngai heihei, ā, ko te mahi here e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tata ki te oti o te whakangawari māngaro me te whakakorenga wāhanga o te pūmua, e hiahia ana kia nui ake te makuku me te roa o te wera atu i te mea ka taea e te whakangawari wāhanga kotahi te tuku.
Ka whakatauhia tēnei e te whakangawari paparua-rua i roto i te tapuwae iti. Ko te rūma tuatahi hei whakangawari i mua: ka uru te paraoa pokepoke ki te pāmahana taiao, ka werohia te mamaoa ki te taha o waho mā roto i ngā pūwero maha, ā, ka panaia e te hoe whakakorikori te rauemi ki mua i te mea ka piki te pāmahana ki te 75-80 °C me te makuku ki te 16-17%. Ka whakahaerehia te rūma tuarua hei wāhanga pupuri/whakapakeke: kāore he mamaoa tāpiri e tāpirihia ana, engari ka noho tonu te rauemi ki te taiao wera, mākū mā te tere whakakorikori puhoi me te ara roa o te rakau i roto i te 30-40 hēkona, ka pana te pāmahana ki te 85-90 °C me te makuku ki te 17.5-18%. Ko te roanga o te noho katoa kei roto i te awhe 80-100 hēkona – e rua ngā wā i te mīhini paparua-kotahi – koinei te mea e hiahiatia ana e te hanganga kai kōura kia eke ki te 95%+ PDI.
I toro atu te kiritaki ki ētahi kaiwhakarato whakataetae e toru i te wā tuku tono. I tukuna e tētahi he mīhini papa-kotahi i te utu iti iho; i tukuna e tētahi waitohu Pākehā he mīhini papa-kotahi me te whakamahana-muri o waho (e rua ngā ipu e raupapa ana me te paipa whakawhiti i waenganui i a rāua). Ko te Hongyang SZLH420 me te whakamahana-papa-rua whakauru koia anake te hoahoa kotahi-wahi i hoatu ki a ia te 90 hēkona o te whakamahana i roto i te anga whakauru kotahi, me te koropiko PLC kotahi me te teihana kaiwhakahaere kotahi. Ko taua whakaurunga - me te mea ko te whakamahana, te paipa whāngai me te hopper he mea hanga katoa ki te maitai kore waikura hei ātete i te hau takutai moana o Pathein e nui ana te pūhaumāota - koinei te mea whakatau.
Whirihoranga Taputapu me te Rere Tukanga
Ko ngā taonga matua o te raina 2-3 T/H katoa i tukuna ki Pathein ko ēnei:
Te Whiwhi me te Huri: Mira hama SFSP, 55 kW (1.0-1.2 mm te mata mō te whāngai kōura)
Te Whakaranu me te Whakaranu: Whakaranu hoe rua-poro, 1,000 rita, 18.5 kW (90 s te whakaranu, CV <= 5%)
Whakangawari: Whakangawari paparua-rua (Hongyang), 11 kW (75-80 / 85-90 °C, pupuri ~90 s)
Te Whakatō Pelleti: Mira pelleti mowhiti SZLH420, 110 kW (1.5 / 1.8 / 2.0 mm ngā pelleti; 2.5-3 T/H i te 1.8 mm)
Whakamatao: Whakamatao rere-whakamuri SKLN (Te hekenga pāmahana o te pire mai i te 88 °C ki te taiao +5 °C)
Pakaru: Pakaru porotaka SSLG25x170, 18.5 kW (Pakaru 0.5-1.0 mm mō ngā wāhanga taitamariki)
Te Tātari me te Tākai: Te tātari hurihuri + te pēke aunoa (Te tango utu, ngā kōwhiringa pēke 25 / 40 kg)
Ka whakamahia e te whakamahana paparua-rua ngā mata pa o te maitai kore waikura kounga kai, te werohanga mamaoa tuaka, me ngā hoe whakaoho tere. Ka whakarerekēhia te pēhanga e ngā takirere mamaoa e whakahaerehia ana e te PLC i roto i te awhe pae 2-4; ka whakatakoto noa te kaiwhakahaere i te pāmahana ūnga ki runga i te HMI, ā, ka tapahia e te kaiwhakahaere te rere o te mamaoa i ia rua hēkona. Ko te pūoko PT100 i te putanga o te rūma tuarua te tohutoro porowhita-katia.
Te Whakatūnga me ngā Hua o te Marama Tuatahi
I tonoa e Hongyang tētahi miihini whakatūtū ki Pathein mō ngā rā 12. I whakamahia ngā rā tuatahi e toru hei manatoko i te tuku mamaoa mai i te kohua koiora 4-tana a te kiritaki, hei whakatikatika i ngā pūoko pāmahana, me te whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau tīmatanga-matao o te mira i te kawenga kau. I pau ngā rā e ono i muri mai ki te whakahaere i ngā whakatakotoranga e whā – he kaiwhakatipu taika pango 35% te pūmua mata, he whakaoti vannamei 28% CP, he whāngai pāpaka paru 30% CP, me te whāngai tilapia mānu 20% CP – me te whakatikatika i te pēhanga mamaoa me te tere hoe o ia paparanga whakangawari mō ia tunu. I hipokina e ngā rā whakamutunga e toru te tukunga a te kaiwhakahaere, ngā tikanga raka-tārua, me tētahi wā whakamātautau Holmen PDI ka whakahokia e te tīma QC a te kiritaki ia marama.
Ko ngā hua o te marama tuatahi o te mahi e rua ngā huringa i puta mai i te tata ki te 1,500 tāne o te kai kōura kua oti:
Te tere o ia hāora (1.8 mm te mate): whāinga 2.0 T/H / tutuki 2.4 T/H
PDI, Holmen 30 hēkona: whāinga >= 95.0% / tutuki 95.6%
Te pumau o te wai, 28 °C te wai moana marino: whāinga >= 3.0 h / tutuki 3.6 h
Te pāmahana whakangawari, putanga tuarua o te paparanga: whāinga 85-90 °C / tutuki 87.4 °C
Makuku i muri i te whakamatao: whāinga <= 12.5% / tutuki 12.1%
Ngā whiu i roto i te putea kua oti: whāinga <= 2.0% / tutuki 1.4%
Pūngao motuhake, mira + whakangawari: whāinga <= 45 kWh/t / tutuki 42.8 kWh/t
I roto i ngā wiki tuatahi e rua, i kitea he panonitanga i roto i te whanonga o te taha o te roto: i noho pūmau ngā pirepire whāngai tae noa ki te wā whāngai e whā hāora te roa, i heke te pōuriuri i roto i ngā roto nā te mea he iti ake ngā mea paitini e mimiti ana ki roto i te pou wai, ā, i pai ake te ōwehenga tahuritanga whāngai i runga i te hanganga taika pango 35% CP mai i te 1.55 (me te whāngai kawemai o mua) ki te 1.42. Heoi, ko te hua tino kitea ko te whakahaere: i mutu te kaihoko ki te tuku ota ohorere ā-wiki mō ngā taraka Tai, ā, ka tīmata ki te whakarite i te whakaputanga ki tana ake huringa pāmu, i tangohia ai te 8-10 rā o te rarangi taonga tiaki mai i tana pepa toenga.
Ratonga, Ngā Wāhanga Eke me te Aroaro ā-Rohe
Ko te raina whāngai kōura e noho puku ana i te wā e penapena ana i ngā vannamei, ehara i te raina e tika ana kia tiakina. Ko te whakapau kaha a Hongyang ki tēnei kaupapa ko te haerenga mahi kua whakaritea mō ngā marama e ono e te miihini ā-rohe kei Yangon, he kete wāhanga tāpiri kua tūtohutia (kotahi huinga anga roera, e rua ngā mowhiti, ngā hoe whakaoho, ngā peera me te kete hiri paerewa) kua tukuna tahitia me te raina, ā, kua rongoatia ki te whare putunga o te kiritaki i Mandalay, me te matapihi urupare 24-hāora mō te tautoko ataata mamao mai i te tari matua o Jiangsu. Ka whakarārangihia ngā wāhanga mau noa ki te whare putunga o Mandalay kia tae atu ai ki Pathein i roto i ngā hāora 36 mā te rori.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakaurunga o Pathein e whakaatu ana i tētahi tauira kua tino kitea i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia mai i te tau 2023: he kaiwhakahaere ahumoana e whakauru whakamua ana, kua hoha ki te rerekētanga o ngā whāngai kawemai, kua whiriwhiri ki te tāuta i tētahi raina whāngai wai kiato, he pai ngā taputapu e hangaia ana te wāhanga whakatikatika mō ngā āhuatanga tūturu o ngā hanganga kōura me te pāpaka, kaua mō te pirepire kararehe noa. Ko te whakatikatika paparua-paparua kua whakauruhia ki roto i tētahi raina mate mowhiti 2-3 T/H, i tēnei tauine, ko te huarahi tino whai hua ki te whakatutuki i te 95% PDI me te pumau wai 3-hāora e hiahiatia ana e te pāmu kōura. Mō Hongyang, e whakaū ana te take ko te ngaru tipu e whai ake nei i roto i te mākete whāngai wai ā-rohe kāore e toa i runga i te taumaha o te mira pirepire anake, engari i runga i te hangarau whakatikatika e whakatau ana mēnā ka ora aua pirepire i te haerenga mai i te putea ki te roto.
Te wā tuku: Hurae-08-2026
